Estimating and Costing
The assumption on which the trapezoidal formula for volumes is based, is

All listed here
The volume of the Prismoidal is over-estimated and hence a Prismoidal correction is applied
The mid-area of a pyramid is half the average area of the ends
The end sections are parallel planes

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Estimating and Costing
While estimating a reinforced cement structure, the omitted cover of concrete is assumed

All of these
In thin slabs, 12 mm minimum or diameter of the bar whichever is more
For reinforcing longitudinal bar in a beam 25 mm minimum or diameter of the largest bar which is more
At the end of reinforcing bar, not less than 25 mm or twice the diameter of the bar

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Estimating and Costing
Pick up the incorrect statement regarding a master trap from the following:

The water seal is less than that of ordinary traps
It is provided a cleaning eye at the top of the trap
It is provided in between the lower end of the house drain and the street sewer
The mica flap valve which opens inwards only, is fitted at the top of the inlet pipe

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