Estimating and Costing The assumption on which the trapezoidal formula for volumes is based, is The mid-area of a pyramid is half the average area of the ends The end sections are parallel planes The volume of the Prismoidal is over-estimated and hence a Prismoidal correction is applied All listed here The mid-area of a pyramid is half the average area of the ends The end sections are parallel planes The volume of the Prismoidal is over-estimated and hence a Prismoidal correction is applied All listed here ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP
Estimating and Costing If B is the width of formation, d is the height of the embankment, side slope S : 1, for a highway with no transverse slope, the area of cross-section is Bd + Sd2 B + d + Sd B × d - Sd1/2 ½ (Bd + Sd2) Bd + Sd2 B + d + Sd B × d - Sd1/2 ½ (Bd + Sd2) ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP
Estimating and Costing The area of a sloping surface of a protective embankment of mean height‘d’, side slopes S: 1 and length ‘L’ is 2 L.D √(1 + s²) L.D √(1 + s²) d × d × s √[d² × (ds)²] 2 L.D √(1 + s²) L.D √(1 + s²) d × d × s √[d² × (ds)²] ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP
Estimating and Costing The measurement is made for stone work in square metre in case of (A) and (B) of the above Columns, lintels, copings Building work Wall facing (A) and (B) of the above Columns, lintels, copings Building work Wall facing ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP
Estimating and Costing The area is measured correct to the nearest 0.02 sqm 0.01 sqm 0.04 sqm 0.03 sqm 0.02 sqm 0.01 sqm 0.04 sqm 0.03 sqm ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP
Estimating and Costing The slope of the outlet of 'P trap' below the horizontal is kept 14° 12° 10° 8° 14° 12° 10° 8° ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP
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