Estimating and Costing
If the formation level of a highway has a uniform gradient for a particular length, and the ground is also having a longitudinal slope, the earthwork may be calculated by

Mid-section formula
All of these
Trapezoidal formula
Prismoidal formula

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Estimating and Costing
The correct Prismoidal formula for volume is

D/3 [first area + last area + 4 Ʃ Even area + 2 Ʃ odd areas]
D [first area + last area + Ʃ Even area + 2 Ʃ odd areas]
D/3 [first area + last area + 2 Ʃ Even area + 4 Ʃ odd areas]
D/6 [first area + last area + 2 ∑ Even area + 4 ∑ odd areas]

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Estimating and Costing
Pick up the correct statement regarding the centre line method of estimating a building

Product of the centre line of the walls and area of cross-section of any item, gives total quantity of the item
The centre line is worked out separately for different sections of walls of a building
The centre line length is reduced by half the layer of main wall joining the partition wall
All of these

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