Estimating and Costing
A portion of an embankment having a uniform up-gradient 1 in 500 is circular with radius 1000 m of the centre line. It subtends 180° at the centre. If the height of the bank is 1 m at the lower end, and side slopes 2:1, the earth work involved.

27,500 m³
26,000 m³
27,000 m³
26,500 m³

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Estimating and Costing
The assumption on which the trapezoidal formula for volumes is based, is

The volume of the Prismoidal is over-estimated and hence a Prismoidal correction is applied
All listed here
The mid-area of a pyramid is half the average area of the ends
The end sections are parallel planes

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