Estimating and Costing
A portion of an embankment having a uniform up-gradient 1 in 500 is circular with radius 1000 m of the centre line. It subtends 180° at the centre. If the height of the bank is 1 m at the lower end, and side slopes 2:1, the earth work involved.

26,500 m³
27,500 m³
26,000 m³
27,000 m³

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Estimating and Costing
The correct Prismoidal formula for volume is

D/3 [first area + last area + 4 Ʃ Even area + 2 Ʃ odd areas]
D/6 [first area + last area + 2 ∑ Even area + 4 ∑ odd areas]
D [first area + last area + Ʃ Even area + 2 Ʃ odd areas]
D/3 [first area + last area + 2 Ʃ Even area + 4 Ʃ odd areas]

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