Cell Signalling and Transduction
Which of the following statements about G proteins is false?

They must be active before the cell can make needed cAMP
They are involved in signal cascades
They become activated when bound to GDP
They bind to and are regulated by guanine nucleotides

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
A signal cascade induced by adrenaline or thyroxine

All of these
results in the activation of a sequence of enzymes needed for the cell effect
must begin with receipt of the signal molecule by a surface receptor
involves the activation of a G protein

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Cell signaling can be classified into

three distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act
None of these
two distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act
three distinct types based on the signaling molecules

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
In terms of cell communication, what do bacterial pathogens such as cholera and anthrax have in common?

They alter the chemical structure of key signaling molecules
They prevent the production of key signaling molecules
They destroy the receptors for key signaling molecules
They block the normal functioning of signal transduction mechanisms

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