Cell Signalling and Transduction
In the signal transduction mechanism known as protein phosphorylation

the signaling molecule binds to a surface receptor
receptor kinases play a key role in triggering the signal cascade
All of these
phosphorylated proteins act with enzymes to trigger the signal cascade

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
In terms of cell communication, what do bacterial pathogens such as cholera and anthrax have in common?

They destroy the receptors for key signaling molecules
They prevent the production of key signaling molecules
They alter the chemical structure of key signaling molecules
They block the normal functioning of signal transduction mechanisms

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
A signal cascade induced by adrenaline or thyroxine

results in the activation of a sequence of enzymes needed for the cell effect
must begin with receipt of the signal molecule by a surface receptor
All of these
involves the activation of a G protein

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