Cell Signalling and Transduction
A cell is known to respond to a particular signaling molecule. Which of the following must be true of this cell?

It is in the heart muscle
It contains the receptor for the signaling molecule
It is also the site of production for the signaling molecule
It is incapable of signal transduction

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
cAMP and cGMP are derived from

GTP and ATP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively
ATP and GTP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively
None of these
ATP and GTP by the actions of guanylate cyclase and adenylate cyclase respectively

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
The signaling molecules called steroid hormones

bind to cell surface receptors to trigger chemical cascades
are made in one location of the body but have their effects some distance away
never enter the blood of humans
are hydrophilic and so cannot penetrate the plasma membrane

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
The binding of ligands to many G-proteins linked receptors leads to shortlived

decrease in the concentration of certain extracellular signaling molecules called first messenger
decrease in the concentration of certain intracellular signaling molecules called second messenger
increase in the concentration of certain extracellular signaling molecules called first messenger
increase in the concentration of certain intracellular signaling molecules called second messenger

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