Cell Signalling and Transduction
Which of the following is true about a hydrophilic signaling molecule?

It is a steroid
Since it can enter the cell, it directly affects some specific cell process
Its receptor is located in the cytosol of the target cell
It might trigger a signal cascade that causes some effect in a cell

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Cell signaling can be classified into

None of these
two distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act
three distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act
three distinct types based on the signaling molecules

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
cAMP and cGMP are derived from

None of these
ATP and GTP by the actions of guanylate cyclase and adenylate cyclase respectively
GTP and ATP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively
ATP and GTP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Two key organizing principles for large multicellular organisms are

prokaryotic cell structure and cell specialization
cell specialization and communication between cells
simple nerve reflexes and cell specialization
communication between cells and simple nerve reflexes

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