Nitroglycerin has long been administered to human patients suffering from chronic chest pain (angina). This medication works because it

Cell Signalling and Transduction
Nitroglycerin has long been administered to human patients suffering from chronic chest pain (angina). This medication works because it

breaks down into nitric oxide, which increases blood flow to the heart

interferes with chemical cascades that trigger contraction of heart muscle

mimics the action of signal receptors

is broken down into hormones that affect the heart

breaks down into nitric oxide, which increases blood flow to the heart

interferes with chemical cascades that trigger contraction of heart muscle

mimics the action of signal receptors

is broken down into hormones that affect the heart

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
The signaling molecules called steroid hormones

are hydrophilic and so cannot penetrate the plasma membrane

bind to cell surface receptors to trigger chemical cascades

are made in one location of the body but have their effects some distance away

never enter the blood of humans

are hydrophilic and so cannot penetrate the plasma membrane

bind to cell surface receptors to trigger chemical cascades

are made in one location of the body but have their effects some distance away

never enter the blood of humans

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
In vasodilation, proper nerve signals sent to blood vessels cause

the release of nitric oxide from endothelial cells

reduced blood pressure

relaxation of smooth muscle cells

All of these

the release of nitric oxide from endothelial cells

reduced blood pressure

relaxation of smooth muscle cells

All of these

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
The binding of ligands to many G-proteins linked receptors leads to shortlived

decrease in the concentration of certain extracellular signaling molecules called first messenger

increase in the concentration of certain intracellular signaling molecules called second messenger

increase in the concentration of certain extracellular signaling molecules called first messenger

decrease in the concentration of certain intracellular signaling molecules called second messenger

decrease in the concentration of certain extracellular signaling molecules called first messenger

increase in the concentration of certain intracellular signaling molecules called second messenger

increase in the concentration of certain extracellular signaling molecules called first messenger

decrease in the concentration of certain intracellular signaling molecules called second messenger

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Which of the following statements about G proteins is false?

They become activated when bound to GDP

They are involved in signal cascades

They bind to and are regulated by guanine nucleotides

They must be active before the cell can make needed cAMP

They become activated when bound to GDP

They are involved in signal cascades

They bind to and are regulated by guanine nucleotides

They must be active before the cell can make needed cAMP

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Small charged molecules, often biogenic amines function as

hormones

neurotransmitters

none of these

both (a) and (b)

hormones

neurotransmitters

none of these

both (a) and (b)

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Cell Signalling and Transduction

Cell Signalling and Transduction Nitroglycerin has long been administered to human patients suffering from chronic chest pain (angina). This medication works because it

Cell Signalling and Transduction The signaling molecules called steroid hormones

Cell Signalling and Transduction In vasodilation, proper nerve signals sent to blood vessels cause

Cell Signalling and Transduction The binding of ligands to many G-proteins linked receptors leads to shortlived

Cell Signalling and Transduction Which of the following statements about G proteins is false?

Cell Signalling and Transduction Small charged molecules, often biogenic amines function as

Cell Signalling and Transduction
Nitroglycerin has long been administered to human patients suffering from chronic chest pain (angina). This medication works because it

Cell Signalling and Transduction
The signaling molecules called steroid hormones

Cell Signalling and Transduction
In vasodilation, proper nerve signals sent to blood vessels cause

Cell Signalling and Transduction
The binding of ligands to many G-proteins linked receptors leads to shortlived

Cell Signalling and Transduction
Which of the following statements about G proteins is false?

Cell Signalling and Transduction
Small charged molecules, often biogenic amines function as