Cell Signalling and Transduction
Nitroglycerin has long been administered to human patients suffering from chronic chest pain (angina). This medication works because it

interferes with chemical cascades that trigger contraction of heart muscle
mimics the action of signal receptors
breaks down into nitric oxide, which increases blood flow to the heart
is broken down into hormones that affect the heart

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Which of the following is true about a hydrophilic signaling molecule?

It might trigger a signal cascade that causes some effect in a cell
Its receptor is located in the cytosol of the target cell
It is a steroid
Since it can enter the cell, it directly affects some specific cell process

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Why is it that inhaling nitric oxide reduces blood pressure only in the lung tissue and not elsewhere in the body*?

Because nitric oxide breaks down quickly and thus cannot travel far
Because other body tissues use a different signaling molecule
None of these
Because nitric oxide cannot cross cell membranes and enter the blood

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
cAMP and cGMP are derived from

ATP and GTP by the actions of guanylate cyclase and adenylate cyclase respectively
GTP and ATP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively
ATP and GTP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively
None of these

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