Cell Signalling and Transduction
Nitroglycerin has long been administered to human patients suffering from chronic chest pain (angina). This medication works because it

interferes with chemical cascades that trigger contraction of heart muscle
breaks down into nitric oxide, which increases blood flow to the heart
mimics the action of signal receptors
is broken down into hormones that affect the heart

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
In the signal transduction mechanism known as protein phosphorylation

phosphorylated proteins act with enzymes to trigger the signal cascade
receptor kinases play a key role in triggering the signal cascade
All of these
the signaling molecule binds to a surface receptor

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
The binding of ligands to many G-proteins linked receptors leads to shortlived

increase in the concentration of certain extracellular signaling molecules called first messenger
decrease in the concentration of certain extracellular signaling molecules called first messenger
decrease in the concentration of certain intracellular signaling molecules called second messenger
increase in the concentration of certain intracellular signaling molecules called second messenger

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Why is it that inhaling nitric oxide reduces blood pressure only in the lung tissue and not elsewhere in the body*?

None of these
Because nitric oxide breaks down quickly and thus cannot travel far
Because other body tissues use a different signaling molecule
Because nitric oxide cannot cross cell membranes and enter the blood

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