Cell Signalling and Transduction
In the signal transduction mechanism known as protein phosphorylation

All of these
receptor kinases play a key role in triggering the signal cascade
phosphorylated proteins act with enzymes to trigger the signal cascade
the signaling molecule binds to a surface receptor

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Two key organizing principles for large multicellular organisms are

cell specialization and communication between cells
simple nerve reflexes and cell specialization
prokaryotic cell structure and cell specialization
communication between cells and simple nerve reflexes

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Cell signaling can be classified into

three distinct types based on the signaling molecules
None of these
two distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act
three distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Why is it that inhaling nitric oxide reduces blood pressure only in the lung tissue and not elsewhere in the body*?

None of these
Because other body tissues use a different signaling molecule
Because nitric oxide cannot cross cell membranes and enter the blood
Because nitric oxide breaks down quickly and thus cannot travel far

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
The signaling molecules called steroid hormones

never enter the blood of humans
are hydrophilic and so cannot penetrate the plasma membrane
are made in one location of the body but have their effects some distance away
bind to cell surface receptors to trigger chemical cascades

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