Cell Signalling and Transduction
Self-phosphorylation is an excellent mechanism for triggering specific catalytic function of the proteins involved in signal cascades because it

makes the receptor more likely to capture the signaling, molecule
None of these
allows hydrophilic signaling molecules to cross the plasma membrane
changes the shape and thus the enzymatic activity of the proteins involved

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Cell signaling can be classified into

three distinct types based on the signaling molecules
two distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act
None of these
three distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
If a disease of the blood vessels caused the endothelial cells of the vessel to die, what effect would that have on the cellular activities associated with vasodilation?

All of these
Nitric oxide would no longer be produced
Smooth muscle cells could not be made to relax
It would be more difficult to increase blood flow and reduce blood pressure

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
In the signal transduction mechanism known as protein phosphorylation

phosphorylated proteins act with enzymes to trigger the signal cascade
receptor kinases play a key role in triggering the signal cascade
the signaling molecule binds to a surface receptor
All of these

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
When a __________ reaches its __________ , there is a specific means of receiving it and acting on the message. This task is the responsibility of specialized proteins called __________ .

signaling molecule; receptor; G proteins
signaling molecule; target cell; receptors
kinase; receptor; proteases
signaling molecule; target cell; G proteins

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