Cell Signalling and Transduction
In vasodilation, proper nerve signals sent to blood vessels cause

relaxation of smooth muscle cells
reduced blood pressure
All of these
the release of nitric oxide from endothelial cells

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
In terms of cell communication, what do bacterial pathogens such as cholera and anthrax have in common?

They alter the chemical structure of key signaling molecules
They destroy the receptors for key signaling molecules
They prevent the production of key signaling molecules
They block the normal functioning of signal transduction mechanisms

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
When a __________ reaches its __________ , there is a specific means of receiving it and acting on the message. This task is the responsibility of specialized proteins called __________ .

signaling molecule; target cell; receptors
kinase; receptor; proteases
signaling molecule; receptor; G proteins
signaling molecule; target cell; G proteins

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Two key organizing principles for large multicellular organisms are

prokaryotic cell structure and cell specialization
cell specialization and communication between cells
simple nerve reflexes and cell specialization
communication between cells and simple nerve reflexes

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Which of the following is true about a hydrophilic signaling molecule?

Its receptor is located in the cytosol of the target cell
It is a steroid
Since it can enter the cell, it directly affects some specific cell process
It might trigger a signal cascade that causes some effect in a cell

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
If a disease of the blood vessels caused the endothelial cells of the vessel to die, what effect would that have on the cellular activities associated with vasodilation?

It would be more difficult to increase blood flow and reduce blood pressure
Smooth muscle cells could not be made to relax
Nitric oxide would no longer be produced
All of these

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