Cell Signalling and Transduction
In paracrine signaling, the signaling molecules affects only

target cells close to the cell from which it was secreted
None of these
target cells distant from its site of synthesis in cells of an endocrine organ
both (a) and (b)

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
When a __________ reaches its __________ , there is a specific means of receiving it and acting on the message. This task is the responsibility of specialized proteins called __________ .

signaling molecule; target cell; receptors
signaling molecule; target cell; G proteins
signaling molecule; receptor; G proteins
kinase; receptor; proteases

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Which of the following is true about a hydrophilic signaling molecule?

Its receptor is located in the cytosol of the target cell
It might trigger a signal cascade that causes some effect in a cell
Since it can enter the cell, it directly affects some specific cell process
It is a steroid

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
A cell is known to respond to a particular signaling molecule. Which of the following must be true of this cell?

It is in the heart muscle
It is incapable of signal transduction
It is also the site of production for the signaling molecule
It contains the receptor for the signaling molecule

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Nitroglycerin has long been administered to human patients suffering from chronic chest pain (angina). This medication works because it

mimics the action of signal receptors
is broken down into hormones that affect the heart
interferes with chemical cascades that trigger contraction of heart muscle
breaks down into nitric oxide, which increases blood flow to the heart

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