Cell Signalling and Transduction
In paracrine signaling, the signaling molecules affects only

target cells distant from its site of synthesis in cells of an endocrine organ
target cells close to the cell from which it was secreted
both (a) and (b)
None of these

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Self-phosphorylation is an excellent mechanism for triggering specific catalytic function of the proteins involved in signal cascades because it

None of these
changes the shape and thus the enzymatic activity of the proteins involved
allows hydrophilic signaling molecules to cross the plasma membrane
makes the receptor more likely to capture the signaling, molecule

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
In the signal transduction mechanism known as protein phosphorylation

receptor kinases play a key role in triggering the signal cascade
All of these
the signaling molecule binds to a surface receptor
phosphorylated proteins act with enzymes to trigger the signal cascade

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
When a __________ reaches its __________ , there is a specific means of receiving it and acting on the message. This task is the responsibility of specialized proteins called __________ .

signaling molecule; target cell; receptors
signaling molecule; receptor; G proteins
signaling molecule; target cell; G proteins
kinase; receptor; proteases

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