Cell Signalling and Transduction
In paracrine signaling, the signaling molecules affects only

target cells close to the cell from which it was secreted
target cells distant from its site of synthesis in cells of an endocrine organ
None of these
both (a) and (b)

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
cAMP and cGMP are derived from

None of these
GTP and ATP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively
ATP and GTP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively
ATP and GTP by the actions of guanylate cyclase and adenylate cyclase respectively

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Two key organizing principles for large multicellular organisms are

prokaryotic cell structure and cell specialization
simple nerve reflexes and cell specialization
communication between cells and simple nerve reflexes
cell specialization and communication between cells

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