Cell Signalling and Transduction
The signaling molecules called steroid hormones

bind to cell surface receptors to trigger chemical cascades
are made in one location of the body but have their effects some distance away
never enter the blood of humans
are hydrophilic and so cannot penetrate the plasma membrane

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Self-phosphorylation is an excellent mechanism for triggering specific catalytic function of the proteins involved in signal cascades because it

allows hydrophilic signaling molecules to cross the plasma membrane
makes the receptor more likely to capture the signaling, molecule
None of these
changes the shape and thus the enzymatic activity of the proteins involved

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Two key organizing principles for large multicellular organisms are

prokaryotic cell structure and cell specialization
simple nerve reflexes and cell specialization
cell specialization and communication between cells
communication between cells and simple nerve reflexes

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
A cell is known to respond to a particular signaling molecule. Which of the following must be true of this cell?

It contains the receptor for the signaling molecule
It is incapable of signal transduction
It is in the heart muscle
It is also the site of production for the signaling molecule

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