Cell Signalling and Transduction
The signaling molecules called steroid hormones

never enter the blood of humans
are hydrophilic and so cannot penetrate the plasma membrane
are made in one location of the body but have their effects some distance away
bind to cell surface receptors to trigger chemical cascades

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Cell Signalling and Transduction
When a __________ reaches its __________ , there is a specific means of receiving it and acting on the message. This task is the responsibility of specialized proteins called __________ .

signaling molecule; target cell; receptors
signaling molecule; receptor; G proteins
kinase; receptor; proteases
signaling molecule; target cell; G proteins

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Cell Signalling and Transduction
Nitroglycerin has long been administered to human patients suffering from chronic chest pain (angina). This medication works because it

breaks down into nitric oxide, which increases blood flow to the heart
interferes with chemical cascades that trigger contraction of heart muscle
is broken down into hormones that affect the heart
mimics the action of signal receptors

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Cell Signalling and Transduction
A cell is known to respond to a particular signaling molecule. Which of the following must be true of this cell?

It is also the site of production for the signaling molecule
It is incapable of signal transduction
It is in the heart muscle
It contains the receptor for the signaling molecule

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Cell Signalling and Transduction
Two key organizing principles for large multicellular organisms are

prokaryotic cell structure and cell specialization
simple nerve reflexes and cell specialization
cell specialization and communication between cells
communication between cells and simple nerve reflexes

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP