Cell Signalling and Transduction
When a __________ reaches its __________ , there is a specific means of receiving it and acting on the message. This task is the responsibility of specialized proteins called __________ .

signaling molecule; target cell; G proteins
kinase; receptor; proteases
signaling molecule; target cell; receptors
signaling molecule; receptor; G proteins

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
If a disease of the blood vessels caused the endothelial cells of the vessel to die, what effect would that have on the cellular activities associated with vasodilation?

All of these
Nitric oxide would no longer be produced
It would be more difficult to increase blood flow and reduce blood pressure
Smooth muscle cells could not be made to relax

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Two key organizing principles for large multicellular organisms are

simple nerve reflexes and cell specialization
prokaryotic cell structure and cell specialization
communication between cells and simple nerve reflexes
cell specialization and communication between cells

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
A cell is known to respond to a particular signaling molecule. Which of the following must be true of this cell?

It contains the receptor for the signaling molecule
It is in the heart muscle
It is incapable of signal transduction
It is also the site of production for the signaling molecule

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Cell signaling can be classified into

None of these
three distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act
two distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act
three distinct types based on the signaling molecules

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Nitroglycerin has long been administered to human patients suffering from chronic chest pain (angina). This medication works because it

is broken down into hormones that affect the heart
interferes with chemical cascades that trigger contraction of heart muscle
breaks down into nitric oxide, which increases blood flow to the heart
mimics the action of signal receptors

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