Theory of Machine
The velocity of any point in mechanism relative to any other point on the mechanism on velocity polygon is represented by the line

At 45° to line as per (A)
Not possible to determine with these data
Joining the corresponding points
Perpendicular to line as per (A)

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Theory of Machine
The secondary unbalanced force due to inertia of reciprocating parts in a reciprocating engine is given by (where m = Mass of reciprocating parts, ω = Angular speed of crank, r = Radius of crank, θ = Angle of inclination of crank with the line of stroke, and n = Ratio of the length of connecting rod to radius of crank)

m.ω².r cosθ
m.ω².r (cos 2θ/n)
m.ω².r (sin 2θ/n)
m.ω².r sinθ

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Theory of Machine
The frictional torque transmitted in a flat collar bearing, considering uniform wear, is (where r₁ and r₂ = External and internal radii of collar respectively)

(2/3) μ W [(r₁³ - r₂³)/(r₁² - r₂²)]
(1/2) μ W (r₁ + r₂)
(1/2) μ W [(r₁³ - r₂³)/(r₁² - r₂²)]
(2/3) μ W (r₁ + r₂)

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Theory of Machine
The Klein's method of construction for reciprocating engine mechanism

Enables determination of Cariole’s component
Utilizes a quadrilateral similar to the diagram of mechanism for reciprocating engine
Is a simplified form of instantaneous center method
Is based on acceleration diagram

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