Process Equipment and Plant Design
The LMTD correction factor (FT) is defined as the

Ratio of true temperature difference to the LMTD
Geometric mean of the true temperature difference and the LMTD
Ratio of LMTD to the true temperature difference
Differenced of true temperature difference and the LMTD

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Generally, elliptical dished heads

Are approximately as strong as seamless cylindrical shell having the corresponding I.D and O.D
All of these
Are manufactured on 2:1 ratio of major to minor axis and is recommended to be used for pressure vessels operating above a pressure of 1.5 MN/m²
Resist half the pressure rating compared to hemi spherical head provided on the cylindrical shell of the same thickness and diameter

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Mc Cable Thiele method used for finding theoretical stages in a distillation column assumes that the

Liquid/vapor loading across the column remains constant
Trouton's rule is applicable
Sensible heat differences are small, because the temperature changes from tray to tray is small
All of these

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