Process Equipment and Plant Design
For annular flow of a fluid, the ratio of the equivalent diameter for pressure drop calculation to the equivalent diameter for heat transfer calculation is

D2/(d1 + d2)
(d1 + d2)/d2
D1/(d1 + d2)
(d1 + d2)/d1

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Which of the following is not a valid assumption in continuous binary distillation for calculating the number of equilibrium stages by Mc-Cabe-Thiele's method?

Heat of mixing of normal liquid is assumed to be zero
Sensible heat changes for vapour & liquid are negligibly small
Reflux is not a saturated liquid
Molar latent heat of the two components are equal

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