Process Equipment and Plant Design
The main purpose of providing stepping on the trays is to

Facilitate handling of large flow rate of liquid
Improve the flow condition
Decrease the pressure drop
Increase the residence time

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Liquid gradient over a tray can be minimised by

Providing a higher skirt clearance or a higher weir
Using split flow, radial flow or cascade flow for column diameter large than 4 ft
Decreasing the number of rows of caps through which the liquid flows or by decreasing the velocity of liquid flow past the caps or by reducing the distance along the tray through which the liquid must
All of these

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