Process Equipment and Plant Design
The main purpose of providing stepping on the trays is to

Increase the residence time
Decrease the pressure drop
Facilitate handling of large flow rate of liquid
Improve the flow condition

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A forced circulation long tube vertical evaporator as compared to the natural circulation evaporator

Both B & C
Employs high velocity, high heat transfer rate and less heating surface requirement
Employs a centrifugal pump placed between external downtake from vapor drum and inlet to tube bundle
Is economical in operation

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