Process Equipment and Plant Design
The main purpose of providing stepping on the trays is to

Decrease the pressure drop
Facilitate handling of large flow rate of liquid
Improve the flow condition
Increase the residence time

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of the bubble cap tray of a distillation column to give stable operation and even vapour distribution.

The dimensionless ratio of liquid gradient to pressure drop head caused by the bubble cap assembly should be less than 0.4
None of these
The pressure drop due to the caps & slots and the static submergence should be as high as practicable for reasonable operation
Tendency towards stable operation is increased by increasing the skirt clearance of the caps, lowering the rate of liquid flow per unit plate width or increasing the spacing between the caps

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