Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the shortest centre to centre distance between the adjacent tubes is

Always less than the diameter of the tube
Called tube pitch
None of these
Called tube clearance

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Bubble cap tray is the most commonly used tray in large distillation column, because

None of these
Of its flexibility and nearly constant efficiency under varying conditions of operation
It incurs less pressure drop as compared to any other try designed for the same duty
It eliminates the foaming and entrain-ment tendency during operation

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In the case of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the logarithmic mean temperature difference

Is always less than arithmetic mean value, but more than geometric mean value
May be either more or less than geometric mean and arithmetic mean value depending upon whether the flow of stream is co-current or counter-current
Is always less than arithmetic average value
Is always more than arithmetic mean value and the geometric mean value

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The centre to centre distance between two consecutive baffles in a shell and tube heat exchanger is called the baffle pitch or baffle spacing, which is more than 1/5th the I.D. of the shell. Which of the following is not a function of the baffles?

To reduce the induced vibration in the tubes
To provide support to the tube bundle
To increase the residence time of shell side fluid
To increase the tube side heat transfer co-efficient by inducing turbulence

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