Process Equipment and Plant Design
The LMTD correction factor (FT) is defined as the

Geometric mean of the true temperature difference and the LMTD
Ratio of true temperature difference to the LMTD
Differenced of true temperature difference and the LMTD
Ratio of LMTD to the true temperature difference

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Generally, elliptical dished heads

Resist half the pressure rating compared to hemi spherical head provided on the cylindrical shell of the same thickness and diameter
All of these
Are approximately as strong as seamless cylindrical shell having the corresponding I.D and O.D
Are manufactured on 2:1 ratio of major to minor axis and is recommended to be used for pressure vessels operating above a pressure of 1.5 MN/m²

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