Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a multipass shell and tube heat exchanger, the baffles on shell side is primarily provided for

Fixing the tubes
Creating turbulence
Increasing pressure drop
Reducing scale deposition

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Liquid gradient over a tray can be minimised by

Using split flow, radial flow or cascade flow for column diameter large than 4 ft
Decreasing the number of rows of caps through which the liquid flows or by decreasing the velocity of liquid flow past the caps or by reducing the distance along the tray through which the liquid must
Providing a higher skirt clearance or a higher weir
All of these

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