Process Equipment and Plant Design
In case of design of a shell and tube heat exchanger,

Minimum cleaning lane of 6.5 mm is provided, when tubes are on a square pitch
All of these
O.D. of the tube is 6 to 40 mm while the tube lengths used are 0.5, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6 metres
Minimum tube sheet thickness (in which tubes are fixed) is equal to the O.D. of the tube upto 15 mm tube diameter; and for > 15 mm tube diameter, tube sheet thickness is smaller than tube diameter

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The centre to centre distance between two consecutive baffles in a shell and tube heat exchanger is called the baffle pitch or baffle spacing, which is more than 1/5th the I.D. of the shell. Which of the following is not a function of the baffles?

To increase the tube side heat transfer co-efficient by inducing turbulence
To increase the residence time of shell side fluid
To reduce the induced vibration in the tubes
To provide support to the tube bundle

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A certain pressure vessel manufacturer avoids doing reinforcements calculations for openings by always providing a reinforcing pad extending upto double the diameter of the opening and of the same material and thickness as that of the shell wall. If area compensation is accepted as a code guideline, his approach leads to safe design

Only if the opening is on a vertical cylinderical vessel
Only if the opening is on a horizontal cylinderical vessel
Only if the opening is on spherical vessel
Irrespective of the shape of the vessel

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