Process Equipment and Plant Design
Ponchon Savarit method is based on the use of enthalpy concentration diagram, which contains the bubble point curve (saturated liquid curve), dew point curve (saturated vapour curve) and equilibrium tie lines. As compared to McCabe-Thiele's method, this method

Facilitates direct calculation of heat load on reboiler & condenser from, the diagram used in this method
Is more accurate in finding the number of equilibrium stages
All of these
Accounts for the enthalpy changes in the process

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a vertical short tube evaporator (Calendria type), the

Liquor is inside the tube while the steam is outside the tube
Area of central downtake is equal to 40 to 100% of total cross-sectional area of the surrounding tube
All of these
Tube dia of 2.5-7.5 cms, tube length of 75-200 cms and cylinderical drum dia of 1-6 metres are normally used

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of the distillation column.

If sufficient slot area is not provided, the gas may pass through the skirt clearance
The purpose of the slot is to disperse the gas into the liquid in the form of small bubbles
Generally, a skirt clerance of 0.5" to 1.5' is recommended to prevent plugging of the slots by residue build up
None of these

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