Process Equipment and Plant Design
For given number of passes, pitch & tube diameter, the maximum number of tubes that can be accommodated in a shell of tripled inside diameter will be __________ times.

About 3
Considerably more than 9
Considerably less than 9
About 9

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A certain pressure vessel manufacturer avoids doing reinforcements calculations for openings by always providing a reinforcing pad extending upto double the diameter of the opening and of the same material and thickness as that of the shell wall. If area compensation is accepted as a code guideline, his approach leads to safe design

Only if the opening is on a vertical cylinderical vessel
Irrespective of the shape of the vessel
Only if the opening is on a horizontal cylinderical vessel
Only if the opening is on spherical vessel

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