Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, triangular pitch arrangement as compared to square pitch arrangement

Creates relatively lower turbulence on the shell side resulting in lower shell side heat transfer co-efficient
Facilitates easier shell side cleaning; hence is more suitable for handling high dirt factor shell side fluid
Can accomodate less number of tubes for a given shell diameter
Results in higher shell side pressure drop

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the clearance of the tube is generally

More in case of triangular pitch as compared to the square pitch tube layout
Equal to the tube diameter
Not less than one-fourth of the tube diameter or 3/16"
More than the tube diameter

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