Process Equipment and Plant Design
The LMTD correction factor (FT) is defined as the

Ratio of LMTD to the true temperature difference
Geometric mean of the true temperature difference and the LMTD
Ratio of true temperature difference to the LMTD
Differenced of true temperature difference and the LMTD

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a vertical short tube evaporator (Calendria type), the

Area of central downtake is equal to 40 to 100% of total cross-sectional area of the surrounding tube
Tube dia of 2.5-7.5 cms, tube length of 75-200 cms and cylinderical drum dia of 1-6 metres are normally used
All of these
Liquor is inside the tube while the steam is outside the tube

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