Process Equipment and Plant Design
Generally, elliptical dished heads

Resist half the pressure rating compared to hemi spherical head provided on the cylindrical shell of the same thickness and diameter
All of these
Are manufactured on 2:1 ratio of major to minor axis and is recommended to be used for pressure vessels operating above a pressure of 1.5 MN/m²
Are approximately as strong as seamless cylindrical shell having the corresponding I.D and O.D

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A stuffing box is used for

Facilitating smooth opening and closing of a valve
Absorbing the contraction/expansion of pipeline due to temperature changes
Prevention of fluid leakage around moving parts
Reducing the resistance of fluid flow

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the comparative evaluation of performance of the packed tower and the plate tower.

Plate tower is perferred, if interstage cooling is required to remove heats of reaction or solution
The total weight of a dry plate tower is usually much more than that of a dry packed tower designed for the same duty
Plate tower is preferred over packed tower, if the operation involves liquids containing dispersed solids
In operations involving large temperature changes. (e.g. distillation), plate towers are preferred over packed towers as the packing may be crushed due to large temperature changes

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