Process Equipment and Plant Design
Triangular pitch tube layout as compared to square pitch in a shell and tube heat exchanger

Both B and C
Permits the use of less tubes in a given shell diameter
Permits the use of more tubes in a given shell diameter
Facilitates comparatively easier external cleaning because of large clearance

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the clearance of the tube is generally

Not less than one-fourth of the tube diameter or 3/16"
Equal to the tube diameter
More in case of triangular pitch as compared to the square pitch tube layout
More than the tube diameter

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