Process Equipment and Plant Design
A certain pressure vessel manufacturer avoids doing reinforcements calculations for openings by always providing a reinforcing pad extending upto double the diameter of the opening and of the same material and thickness as that of the shell wall. If area compensation is accepted as a code guideline, his approach leads to safe design

Irrespective of the shape of the vessel
Only if the opening is on a horizontal cylinderical vessel
Only if the opening is on spherical vessel
Only if the opening is on a vertical cylinderical vessel

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of the distillation column.

If sufficient slot area is not provided, the gas may pass through the skirt clearance
Generally, a skirt clerance of 0.5" to 1.5' is recommended to prevent plugging of the slots by residue build up
None of these
The purpose of the slot is to disperse the gas into the liquid in the form of small bubbles

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