Process Equipment and Plant Design
Log mean temperature difference in case of multi-pass shell and tube heat exchanger is always

More than geometric mean value
Less than arithmetic mean value
Both B & C
More than arithmetic mean value

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, triangular pitch arrangement as compared to square pitch arrangement

Can accomodate less number of tubes for a given shell diameter
Facilitates easier shell side cleaning; hence is more suitable for handling high dirt factor shell side fluid
Results in higher shell side pressure drop
Creates relatively lower turbulence on the shell side resulting in lower shell side heat transfer co-efficient

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