Process Equipment and Plant Design
Overall distillation column efficiency for most of the refinery columns can be given by (for μ = 0.07 - 1.4 cp and relative volatility < 4) (where η = overall column efficiency, % μ = molal average viscosity of feed at average column temperature and pressure, cp Δp = pressure drop per tray, psi)

Η = 24.6 (Δp/μ)
Η = 1.66 - 0.25 log μ
Η = 17 - 61.1 log μ
Η = 0.25 log μ - 1.67

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to a shell and tube heat exchanger.

The maximum unsupported tube span is generally about 75 times tube diameter, but is reduced to about 60 times for aluminium, copper & alloys of these
The minimum value of baffle spacing is 50 mm
The maximum value of baffle spacing is equal to the I.D. of the shell
Disk and doughnut baffle is the most commonly used baffle

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of the distillation column.

None of these
The purpose of the slot is to disperse the gas into the liquid in the form of small bubbles
Generally, a skirt clerance of 0.5" to 1.5' is recommended to prevent plugging of the slots by residue build up
If sufficient slot area is not provided, the gas may pass through the skirt clearance

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Triangular pitch tube layout as compared to square pitch in a shell and tube heat exchanger

Permits the use of more tubes in a given shell diameter
Both B and C
Permits the use of less tubes in a given shell diameter
Facilitates comparatively easier external cleaning because of large clearance

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