Process Equipment and Plant Design
Overall distillation column efficiency for most of the refinery columns can be given by (for μ = 0.07 - 1.4 cp and relative volatility < 4) (where η = overall column efficiency, % μ = molal average viscosity of feed at average column temperature and pressure, cp Δp = pressure drop per tray, psi)

Η = 1.66 - 0.25 log μ
Η = 0.25 log μ - 1.67
Η = 17 - 61.1 log μ
Η = 24.6 (Δp/μ)

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a bag filter, the pressure drop increases directly as the

Density of the gas, but is independent of the viscosity of the gas
Viscosity of the gas and inversely as density of the gas
Density of the gas and inversely as viscosity of the gas
None of these

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to a shell and tube heat exchanger.

Disk and doughnut baffle is the most commonly used baffle
The minimum value of baffle spacing is 50 mm
The maximum unsupported tube span is generally about 75 times tube diameter, but is reduced to about 60 times for aluminium, copper & alloys of these
The maximum value of baffle spacing is equal to the I.D. of the shell

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