Process Equipment and Plant Design
A forced circulation long tube vertical evaporator as compared to the natural circulation evaporator

Employs high velocity, high heat transfer rate and less heating surface requirement
Is economical in operation
Employs a centrifugal pump placed between external downtake from vapor drum and inlet to tube bundle
Both B & C

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A stuffing box is used for

Facilitating smooth opening and closing of a valve
Absorbing the contraction/expansion of pipeline due to temperature changes
Reducing the resistance of fluid flow
Prevention of fluid leakage around moving parts

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