Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The purpose of a surge tank is

All of these
To regulate flow of water to turbines by providing necessary retarding head of water
To eliminate water hammer possibilities
To control the pressure variations due to rapid changes in the pipe line flow

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The flow ratio of Francis turbine is defined as the ratio of the

Velocity of flow at inlet to the theoretical jet velocity
Theoretical velocity of jet to the velocity of flow at inlet
None of these
Velocity of runner at inlet to the velocity of flow at inlet

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