Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The purpose of a surge tank is

To regulate flow of water to turbines by providing necessary retarding head of water
To eliminate water hammer possibilities
To control the pressure variations due to rapid changes in the pipe line flow
All of these

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The function of guide vanes in a reaction turbine is to

Allow the water to enter the runner without shock
All of the listed here
Allow the water to flow over them, without forming eddies
Allow the required quantity of water to enter the turbine

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The total energy of a liquid particle in motion is equal to

Potential energy - (pressure energy + kinetic energy
Kinetic energy - (pressure energy + potential energy)
Pressure energy - (kinetic energy + potential energy)
Pressure energy + kinetic energy + potential energy

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