Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In an external mouthpiece, the absolute pressure head at vena contracta is __________ the atmospheric pressure head by an amount equal to 0.89 times the height of the liquid, above the vena contracta.

Equal to
None of these
More than
Less than

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In case of flow through parallel pipes,

The total discharge is equal to the sum of discharges in the various pipes
The head loss for all the pipes is same
The total head loss is the sum of head losses in the various pipes
Both (A) and (B)

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The discharge through a wholly drowned orifice is given by (where H1 = Height of water (on the upstream side) above the top of the orifice, H2 = Height of water (on the downstream side) above the bottom of the orifice, and H = Difference between two water levels on either side of the orifice)

Q = Cd × bH2 × √(2gh)
Q = Cd × bH × √(2gh)
Q = Cd × bH₁ × √(2gh)
Q = Cd × b (H2 - H1) × √(2gh)

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