Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The undershot water wheels are those in which

The wheel runs entirely by the weight of water
The wheel runs entirely by the impulse of water
The wheel runs partly by the weight of water and partly by the impulse of water
None of these

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The depth of centre of pressure (h) for a vertically immersed surface from the liquid surface is given by (where IG = Moment of inertia of the immersed surface about horizontal axis through its centre of gravity, A = Area of immersed surface, and x = Depth of centre of gravity of the immersed surface from the liquid surface)

(IG/Ax̅) + x̅
(IG/x̅) - Ax̅
(IG/Ax̅) - x̅
(Ax̅/IG) + x̅

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