Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Buoyant force is

Equal to the volume of liquid displaced
The force necessary to maintain equilibrium of a submerged body
The resultant force on a body due to the fluid surrounding it
The resultant force acting on a floating body

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The discharge through a wholly drowned orifice is given by (where H1 = Height of water (on the upstream side) above the top of the orifice, H2 = Height of water (on the downstream side) above the bottom of the orifice, and H = Difference between two water levels on either side of the orifice)

Q = Cd × b (H2 - H1) × √(2gh)
Q = Cd × bH2 × √(2gh)
Q = Cd × bH₁ × √(2gh)
Q = Cd × bH × √(2gh)

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Froude number is significant in

Supersonics, as with projectile and jet propulsion
All of the listed here
Full immersion or completely enclosed flow, as with pipes, aircraft wings, nozzles etc.
Simultaneous motion through two fluids where there is a surface of discontinuity, gravity forces, and wave making effect, as with ship's hulls

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