Process Equipment and Plant Design
The necessary wall thickness for a metallic storage vessel is a function of the

All of these
Operating pressure and welding/joint efficiency
Diameter of the vessel
Ultimate tensile strength (or yield point) of the material and operating temperature

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Liquid gradient over a tray can be minimised by

All of these
Using split flow, radial flow or cascade flow for column diameter large than 4 ft
Providing a higher skirt clearance or a higher weir
Decreasing the number of rows of caps through which the liquid flows or by decreasing the velocity of liquid flow past the caps or by reducing the distance along the tray through which the liquid must

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The centre to centre distance between two consecutive baffles in a shell and tube heat exchanger is called the baffle pitch or baffle spacing, which is more than 1/5th the I.D. of the shell. Which of the following is not a function of the baffles?

To increase the residence time of shell side fluid
To provide support to the tube bundle
To increase the tube side heat transfer co-efficient by inducing turbulence
To reduce the induced vibration in the tubes

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