Process Equipment and Plant Design
Seamless pipe is made

By extrusion & casting into static and centrifugal molds
From rolled strips formed into cylinders and seam-welded
Both B and C
By forging a solid round, piercing it by simultaneously rotating & forcing it over a piercer point and further reducing it by rolling gas drawing

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Weep holes provided in the plates of a distillation column

Are normally located near the overflow weir so that any delivery of liquid during operation follows approximately the same path as the overflow fluid
Must be large enough (usually 1/4" to 5/8" dia) to prevent plugging but should not deliver excessive amount of fluid during operation
All of these
Facilitate draining out liquid from a tray when the unit is not in operation

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