Process Equipment and Plant Design
Normally, the plate thickness of the bottoms and roofs of vertically cylindrical storage vessels as compared to that of the cylindrical shell is

Same
More or less depending upon the pressure & temperature inside the vessel and the nature of the fluid contained therein
More
Less

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Process Equipment and Plant Design
A certain pressure vessel manufacturer avoids doing reinforcements calculations for openings by always providing a reinforcing pad extending upto double the diameter of the opening and of the same material and thickness as that of the shell wall. If area compensation is accepted as a code guideline, his approach leads to safe design

Irrespective of the shape of the vessel
Only if the opening is on a horizontal cylinderical vessel
Only if the opening is on spherical vessel
Only if the opening is on a vertical cylinderical vessel

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the clearance of the tube is generally

More than the tube diameter
Not less than one-fourth of the tube diameter or 3/16"
More in case of triangular pitch as compared to the square pitch tube layout
Equal to the tube diameter

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP
MORE MCQ ON Process Equipment and Plant Design