Process Equipment and Plant Design
Bubble cap tray is the most commonly used tray in large distillation column, because

It incurs less pressure drop as compared to any other try designed for the same duty
It eliminates the foaming and entrain-ment tendency during operation
None of these
Of its flexibility and nearly constant efficiency under varying conditions of operation

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Overall distillation column efficiency for most of the refinery columns can be given by (for μ = 0.07 - 1.4 cp and relative volatility < 4) (where η = overall column efficiency, % μ = molal average viscosity of feed at average column temperature and pressure, cp Δp = pressure drop per tray, psi)

Η = 1.66 - 0.25 log μ
Η = 17 - 61.1 log μ
Η = 24.6 (Δp/μ)
Η = 0.25 log μ - 1.67

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of a long tube vertical evaporator.

Steam is fed to the shell, whereas the liquor is filled inside the tube
Liquor level is maintained at l/3rd to 1/2 of the height of the tube
Tube dia is 3-6 cms, while tube length in 3-6 metres
None of these

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