Elastic failure of a material occurs, when the tensile stress equals yield strength, yield point or the elastic limit. Also, the elastic failure occurs according to maximum strain theory, when the maximum tensile strain equals (where, σ = yield strength and E = modulus of elasticity)

Process Equipment and Plant Design
Elastic failure of a material occurs, when the tensile stress equals yield strength, yield point or the elastic limit. Also, the elastic failure occurs according to maximum strain theory, when the maximum tensile strain equals (where, σ = yield strength and E = modulus of elasticity)

E

Σ

E/σ

Σ/E

E

Σ

E/σ

Σ/E

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The ratio of volumes of the mixed reactor to the plug flow reactor (for identical feed composition, flow rate, conversion, and for all positive reaction orders) is always

1

< 1

Equal to the order of reaction

>1

1

< 1

Equal to the order of reaction

>1

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a heat exchanger, shell side fluid velocity can be changed by changing the tube

Both A & B

Layout

Pitch

Neither A nor B

Both A & B

Layout

Pitch

Neither A nor B

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a multipass shell and tube heat exchanger, the problem of differential expansion between the shell and tube passes is taken care of by using a

U-bend

Either A or B

Floating head tube sheet

Neither A nor B

U-bend

Either A or B

Floating head tube sheet

Neither A nor B

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a vertical short tube evaporator (Calendria type), the

Area of central downtake is equal to 40 to 100% of total cross-sectional area of the surrounding tube

All of these

Liquor is inside the tube while the steam is outside the tube

Tube dia of 2.5-7.5 cms, tube length of 75-200 cms and cylinderical drum dia of 1-6 metres are normally used

Area of central downtake is equal to 40 to 100% of total cross-sectional area of the surrounding tube

All of these

Liquor is inside the tube while the steam is outside the tube

Tube dia of 2.5-7.5 cms, tube length of 75-200 cms and cylinderical drum dia of 1-6 metres are normally used

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a double pipe concentric heat exchanger, the equivalent diameter of annulus for heat transfer would be (where, D₁ and D₂ are I.D. of inner and outer pipes)

(D₂² - D₁²)/D₂²

(D₂² - D₁²)/D₁²

D₂ - D₁

None of these

(D₂² - D₁²)/D₂²

(D₂² - D₁²)/D₁²

D₂ - D₁

None of these

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Process Equipment and Plant Design

Process Equipment and Plant Design The ratio of volumes of the mixed reactor to the plug flow reactor (for identical feed composition, flow rate, conversion, and for all positive reaction orders) is always

Process Equipment and Plant Design In a heat exchanger, shell side fluid velocity can be changed by changing the tube

Process Equipment and Plant Design In a multipass shell and tube heat exchanger, the problem of differential expansion between the shell and tube passes is taken care of by using a

Process Equipment and Plant Design In a vertical short tube evaporator (Calendria type), the

Process Equipment and Plant Design In a double pipe concentric heat exchanger, the equivalent diameter of annulus for heat transfer would be (where, D₁ and D₂ are I.D. of inner and outer pipes)

Process Equipment and Plant Design
The ratio of volumes of the mixed reactor to the plug flow reactor (for identical feed composition, flow rate, conversion, and for all positive reaction orders) is always

Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a heat exchanger, shell side fluid velocity can be changed by changing the tube

Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a multipass shell and tube heat exchanger, the problem of differential expansion between the shell and tube passes is taken care of by using a

Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a vertical short tube evaporator (Calendria type), the

Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a double pipe concentric heat exchanger, the equivalent diameter of annulus for heat transfer would be (where, D₁ and D₂ are I.D. of inner and outer pipes)