Elastic failure of a material occurs, when the tensile stress equals yield strength, yield point or the elastic limit. Also, the elastic failure occurs according to maximum strain theory, when the maximum tensile strain equals (where, σ = yield strength and E = modulus of elasticity)

Process Equipment and Plant Design
Elastic failure of a material occurs, when the tensile stress equals yield strength, yield point or the elastic limit. Also, the elastic failure occurs according to maximum strain theory, when the maximum tensile strain equals (where, σ = yield strength and E = modulus of elasticity)

E

E/σ

Σ

Σ/E

E

E/σ

Σ

Σ/E

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Large process vessels operating under extreme temperature and pressure conditions are normally clad/ lined with materials like stainless steel, aluminium, nickel & its alloys, copper & its alloys and titanium. The cladding thickness is generally about __________ percent of the total thickness.

40 to 50

10 to 20

1 to 5

30 to 40

40 to 50

10 to 20

1 to 5

30 to 40

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Baffle width is normally taken as __________ times the tank diameter.

0.2-0.45

0.45-0.6

0.4-0.5

0.1-0.12

0.2-0.45

0.45-0.6

0.4-0.5

0.1-0.12

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
When one of the fluids is highly corrosive and has fouling tendency, it should

Flow at a very slow velocity

Perferably flow outside the tube

Preferably flow inside the tube for its easier internal cleaning

Flow outside the tube, when the flow is counter-current and inside the tube when the flow is co-current

Flow at a very slow velocity

Perferably flow outside the tube

Preferably flow inside the tube for its easier internal cleaning

Flow outside the tube, when the flow is counter-current and inside the tube when the flow is co-current

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The wall thickness of thin cylindrical shell with hemispherical ends is __________ that of the spherical ends.

More than

Equal to

Either B or C; depends on maximum permissible internal pressure

Less than

More than

Equal to

Either B or C; depends on maximum permissible internal pressure

Less than

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
To avoid the tearing off the plate of an edge, the margin (i.e., the minimum distance from the centre of the rivet hole to the nearest edge of the plate) should be equal to

2.5 d

0.5 d

D

1.5 d

2.5 d

0.5 d

D

1.5 d

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Process Equipment and Plant Design

Process Equipment and Plant Design Baffle width is normally taken as __________ times the tank diameter.

Process Equipment and Plant Design When one of the fluids is highly corrosive and has fouling tendency, it should

Process Equipment and Plant Design The wall thickness of thin cylindrical shell with hemispherical ends is __________ that of the spherical ends.

Process Equipment and Plant Design To avoid the tearing off the plate of an edge, the margin (i.e., the minimum distance from the centre of the rivet hole to the nearest edge of the plate) should be equal to

Process Equipment and Plant Design
Baffle width is normally taken as __________ times the tank diameter.

Process Equipment and Plant Design
When one of the fluids is highly corrosive and has fouling tendency, it should

Process Equipment and Plant Design
The wall thickness of thin cylindrical shell with hemispherical ends is __________ that of the spherical ends.

Process Equipment and Plant Design
To avoid the tearing off the plate of an edge, the margin (i.e., the minimum distance from the centre of the rivet hole to the nearest edge of the plate) should be equal to