Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger for a given heat transfer surface area, smaller diameter tubes are favoured as compared to larger diameter ones ; because the smaller diameter tubes

None of these
Are easier to clean
Are less prone to fouling
Can be fitted into a smaller shell diameter hence the cost of the heat exchanger would be less

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Bubble cap tray is the most commonly used tray in large distillation column, because

It eliminates the foaming and entrain-ment tendency during operation
None of these
Of its flexibility and nearly constant efficiency under varying conditions of operation
It incurs less pressure drop as compared to any other try designed for the same duty

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