Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The jet ratio is defined as the ratio of the

Velocity of jet to the velocity of Pelton wheel
Diameter of Pelton wheel to the diameter of jet
Velocity of Pelton wheel to the velocity of jet
Diameter of jet to the diameter of Pelton wheel

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In a reaction turbine, the draft tube is used

To increase the head of water by an amount equal to the height of the runner outlet above the tail race
To transport water to downstream
To run the turbine full
To prevent air to enter the turbine

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