Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Mach number is significant in

all of fhe above
supersonics, as with projectiles and jet propulsion
full immersion or completely enclosed flow, as with pipes, aircraft wings, nozzles etc
simultaneous motion through two fluids where there is a surface of dis-continuity, gravity force, and wave making effects, as with ship’s hulls

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Coefficient of resistance is the ratio of

Actual velocity of jet at vena-contracta to the theoretical velocity
Loss of head in the orifice to the head of water available at the exit of the orifice
Actual discharge through an orifice to the theoretical discharge
Area of jet at vena-contracta to the area of orifice

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