Theory of Machine
The Grubler's criterion for determining the degrees of freedom (n) of a mechanism having plane motion is (where l = Number of links, and j = Number of binary joints)

n = 3(l - 1) - 2j
n = 2(l - 1) - 2j
n = 4(l - 1) - 3j
n = (l -1) - j

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Theory of Machine
Higher pairs are those which have

Surface contact between the two elements when in motion
Point or line contact between the two elements when in motion
Two elements that permit relative motion
Elements of pairs not held together mechanically

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Theory of Machine
Crowning on pulleys helps

In increasing velocity ratio
In decreasing the slip of the belt
For automatic adjustment of belt position so that belt runs centrally
Increase belt and pulley life

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP