Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger for a given heat transfer surface area, smaller diameter tubes are favoured as compared to larger diameter ones ; because the smaller diameter tubes

Are easier to clean
Can be fitted into a smaller shell diameter hence the cost of the heat exchanger would be less
None of these
Are less prone to fouling

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A forced circulation long tube vertical evaporator as compared to the natural circulation evaporator

Both B & C
Employs a centrifugal pump placed between external downtake from vapor drum and inlet to tube bundle
Is economical in operation
Employs high velocity, high heat transfer rate and less heating surface requirement

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