The design stress, which is more than the damaging stress, is the least unit stress that will render a member unfit for service before the end of its normal life. The design stress factor or factor of safety indicates the margin between design stress and the __________ stress.

Process Equipment and Plant Design
The design stress, which is more than the damaging stress, is the least unit stress that will render a member unfit for service before the end of its normal life. The design stress factor or factor of safety indicates the margin between design stress and the __________ stress.

Allowable

Working

Damaging

None of these

Allowable

Working

Damaging

None of these

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pressure drop due to pipe fittings can be estimated by the equation, ΔP/p = 4f.Le/D.V2/2gc, where, Le = equivalent length of straight pipeline which will incur the same frictional loss as the fitting and D = diameter of the fitting. The value of Le/D (dimensionless) for 45° elbow and 180° close return bends would be respectively around

180 and 300

45 and 75

300 and 500

5 and 10

180 and 300

45 and 75

300 and 500

5 and 10

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
1.2 to 3.8 cms is the value of the

Static submergence in case of a bubble cap tray for column operating under pressure (≥ 1 atm.)

Skirt clearance for bubble caps

All of these

Downcomer liquid seal in case of a balanced tray design

Static submergence in case of a bubble cap tray for column operating under pressure (≥ 1 atm.)

Skirt clearance for bubble caps

All of these

Downcomer liquid seal in case of a balanced tray design

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Vertical condenser is advantageous to the horizontal condenser from operation point of view, when

Sub cooling of condensate is desired

Both the functions of condensation & sub cooling are carried out in a single unit

Hydrostatic head is required for refluxing the condensate

Only the function of condensation is to be carried out

Sub cooling of condensate is desired

Both the functions of condensation & sub cooling are carried out in a single unit

Hydrostatic head is required for refluxing the condensate

Only the function of condensation is to be carried out

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Wind load consideration in the design of a support can be neglected, when the vessel is

Short (< 2 m) and housed indoor

Tall but empty

None of these

Tall (say 30 metres), but is full of liquid

Short (< 2 m) and housed indoor

Tall but empty

None of these

Tall (say 30 metres), but is full of liquid

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a distillation column, bubble caps are located on trays with a pitch of __________ times the outside diameter of the caps.

1.3 to 2

1.5 to 3

2.5

1.6 to 2

1.3 to 2

1.5 to 3

2.5

1.6 to 2

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Process Equipment and Plant Design

Process Equipment and Plant Design 1.2 to 3.8 cms is the value of the

Process Equipment and Plant Design Vertical condenser is advantageous to the horizontal condenser from operation point of view, when

Process Equipment and Plant Design Wind load consideration in the design of a support can be neglected, when the vessel is

Process Equipment and Plant Design In a distillation column, bubble caps are located on trays with a pitch of __________ times the outside diameter of the caps.

Process Equipment and Plant Design
1.2 to 3.8 cms is the value of the

Process Equipment and Plant Design
Vertical condenser is advantageous to the horizontal condenser from operation point of view, when

Process Equipment and Plant Design
Wind load consideration in the design of a support can be neglected, when the vessel is

Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a distillation column, bubble caps are located on trays with a pitch of __________ times the outside diameter of the caps.