Process Equipment and Plant Design
The clearance between two tubes in a shell and tube heat exchanger is known as 'ligament', whose minimum value is __________ the outside diameter of the tube, but in no case it should be less than 4.5 mm.

One fourth
Equal to
Half
Three fourth

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
When one of the fluids is highly corrosive and has fouling tendency, it should

Flow at a very slow velocity
Preferably flow inside the tube for its easier internal cleaning
Flow outside the tube, when the flow is counter-current and inside the tube when the flow is co-current
Perferably flow outside the tube

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Overall tray efficiency of a distillation column is the ratio of the number of

Overall gas transfer units to the number of ideal trays required
Ideal trays required to the number of real trays required
Real trays required to the number of ideal trays required
None of these

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