Process Equipment and Plant Design
Any shell opening greater than 5 cms for a storage tank must be reinforced for reason of

Making the joint leak proof
None of these
Reduction of discontinuity in shape at the junction
Preventing the local overstressing of the shell around the opening

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Triangular pitch tube layout as compared to square pitch in a shell and tube heat exchanger

Both B and C
Permits the use of more tubes in a given shell diameter
Permits the use of less tubes in a given shell diameter
Facilitates comparatively easier external cleaning because of large clearance

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