Process Equipment and Plant Design
Which of the following factors affect the pressure drop in a co-current gas-liquid absorption packed tower?

Fluid flow rates
Density and viscosity of fluids
All of these
Size, shape, orientation and surface of the packing particles

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
For turbulent flow (NRe > 2100) of low viscosity fluid (μ > 20cp) in steel pipes, the optimum inside pipe diameter is given by(where, Q = fluid flow rate, ft³/sec.ρ = fluid density, lb/ft³ μ = fluid viscosity, centipoise Di = optimum inside pipe diameter, inches)

Di, opt = 3.9 Q0.45 ρ0.13
Di, opt = 3.9 Q0.45 . μ0.95
Di, opt = 4.7 Q0.36 . μ3.2ρ0.13
Di, opt = 3 Q0.36 . μ0.88

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
High pressure fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger should preferably be routed through the

Shell side, if the flow is counter-current and tube side if the flow is co-current
Shell side for smaller total pressure drop
Tubes to avoid the expansion of high pressure shell construction
Shell side for large overall heat transfer co-efficient

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In the design of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the corrosion allowance

Need not be provided for non-pressure parts like tie rods, spacers, baffles, supports etc
For internal cover and tube sheet is provided on both the sides
All of these
For carbon steel and cast iron pressure parts is 1.5 mm (except for tubes) and for severe conditions it is 3 mm

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